# GDPR Article 78: Right to an effective judicial remedy against a supervisory authority

General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), version 2026.1, in force since 25 May 2018. Read from https://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/02016R0679-20160504. Each clause starts with its key, which is how to cite it.

## gdpr:art-78:para-1

1. Without prejudice to any other administrative or non-judicial remedy, each natural or legal person shall have the right to an effective judicial remedy against a legally binding decision of a supervisory authority concerning them.

## gdpr:art-78:para-2

2. Without prejudice to any other administrative or non-judicial remedy, each data subject shall have the right to a an effective judicial remedy where the supervisory authority which is competent pursuant to Articles 55 and 56 does not handle a complaint or does not inform the data subject within three months on the progress or outcome of the complaint lodged pursuant to Article 77.

## gdpr:art-78:para-3

3. Proceedings against a supervisory authority shall be brought before the courts of the Member State where the supervisory authority is established.

## gdpr:art-78:para-4

4. Where proceedings are brought against a decision of a supervisory authority which was preceded by an opinion or a decision of the Board in the consistency mechanism, the supervisory authority shall forward that opinion or decision to the court.

Page: https://dpolens.com/laws/gdpr/art-78